Ideas for communitybased forest management (CBFM) have emerged since the 1970s, but movements to support this, mainly by NGOs, began in 1995. After a long journey of struggle to convince various parties, finally the ideas have fallen in fertile soil under the current government.
The Environment and Forestry Ministry will distribute 12.7 million hectares to indigenous peoples (IP). To support this, President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo will establish a task force to protect the rights of indigenous people and preserve their customary lands and actively participate in the ratification of
the draft of the Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Acknowledgment and Protection Bill (The Jakarta Post, Aug. 1, 2015). It is hoped that the program will run smoothly as planned.
The next important question is, however, what the people will do with their new rights and authorities, how they will use these to create better lives for themselves in a lasting way, and what this means for forests and ecosystems under their control.
This probably means a lot of additional efforts beyond the already complicated land issues — in the worst scenario they will cash out the land for short-term income gain. Its generating purposes will be not much different from past concessionaires’ doings and that will be disappointing to all.